This judgement is not based on any rational part of our consciousness no assessment or analysis of the scene is made against some standard of beauty. The judgement made is represented as being objectively valid. We say, “Isn’t that beautiful”, whereas we should say “I think that is beautiful”. Beauty is expressed as if it is a tangible quality of the scene. It may comprise soil, rocks, hills, valleys, rivers, fences, houses, trees and animals but no-where does it actually possess a feature called beauty. The observer attaches a quality to the scene that, in the objective sense, it does not possess. Philosophers seek to identify the common principles operating on and determining the nature of the aesthetic experience.Ī judgement is made about the scene, that it is a beautiful scene.
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These include music, art, sculpture, human faces, architecture, poetry and natural objects. Landscape is but one of many aesthetic objects (Figure 1). An aesthetic object stimulates an experience in the recipient. Philosophers distinguish between the aesthetic object, the aesthetic experience and the aesthetic recipient. Up to the eighteenth century the focus was beauty but following Baumgarten’s invention of the term aesthetics around 1750, philosophy broadened its inquiry to encompass this more inclusive term. The theory of value addresses three ultimate values: truth, goodness and beauty.Īesthetics has been a subject of Western philosophy since at least the time of Socrates. metaphysics, which is the theory of the nature and structure of reality and 3. methodology, which covers the theory of knowledge and logic 2. Philosophy has three main areas of enquiry: 1.
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An a priori concept may be validated through experience. Philosophy undertakes conceptual investigations ( a priori), and again in contrast with science, it does this independent of experience. It aims to identify and describe it does not seek to explain, that being the purpose of science. Philosophy is a search for ultimate reality. Humans have long asked the questions, “what is beauty?” ” why is that scene beautiful?” “what is the nature of the aesthetic experience?” Questions of aesthetics have occupied many philosophers, although less so today than in the past. Integration of Kant’s aesthetics with landscape theory Click here Modern philosophy of aesthetics Click hereĬontemporary philosophy of aesthetics Click here Classical philosophy of aesthetics Click here